Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire spinePlain-language summary
The entire cervical and thoracolumbar spine is fixed in an unfavorable position.
DC 5243 applies only to disc herniation with compression or irritation of an adjacent nerve root. VA uses the higher combined result from the general spine formula or the incapacitating-episode formula.
Plain-language summaries explain the text; they do not decide whether any level applies.
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire spinePlain-language summary
The entire cervical and thoracolumbar spine is fixed in an unfavorable position.
Incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 6 weeks during the past 12 monthsPlain-language summary
The incapacitating-episode formula lists 60% for at least six total weeks in the past 12 months.
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spinePlain-language summary
The entire thoracolumbar spine is fixed in an unfavorable position.
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spine; or, forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine 30 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spine; or incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 4 weeks but less than 6 weeks during the past 12 monthsPlain-language summary
The higher result may come from the general spine formula or four to less than six weeks under the incapacitating-episode formula.
Forward flexion of the cervical spine 15 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spinePlain-language summary
This level addresses the listed severe cervical flexion limit or favorable cervical ankylosis.
Forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 60 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 15 degrees but not greater than 30 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine not greater than 120 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the cervical spine not greater than 170 degrees; or, muscle spasm or guarding severe enough to result in an abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour such as scoliosis, reversed lordosis, or abnormal kyphosis; or incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 2 weeks but less than 4 weeks during the past 12 monthsPlain-language summary
The higher result may come from the general spine formula or two to less than four weeks under the incapacitating-episode formula.
Forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 60 degrees but not greater than 85 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 40 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 120 degrees but not greater than 235 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the cervical spine greater than 170 degrees but not greater than 335 degrees; or, muscle spasm, guarding, or localized tenderness not resulting in abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour; or, vertebral body fracture with loss of 50 percent or more of the height; or incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least one week but less than 2 weeks during the past 12 monthsPlain-language summary
The higher result may come from the general spine formula or one to less than two weeks under the incapacitating-episode formula.
38 CFR § 4.71a, DC 5243 · Effective Feb 7, 2021 · Reviewed Jul 24, 2026